Bone cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the cells of
the bone. It occurs when abnormal cells in the bone grow uncontrollably,
forming a tumor. These tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant
(cancerous). Malignant bone tumors can invade nearby tissue and spread to other
parts of the body (metastasize).
Types of Bone Cancer
- Primary Bone Cancer: Starts in the bone itself.
Common types include:
- Osteosarcoma: Often occurs in children
and young adults, typically in the long bones of the arms or legs.
- Chondrosarcoma: Begins in cartilage cells
and is more common in adults.
- Ewing Sarcoma: Found in the bones or
surrounding soft tissue, more prevalent in children and adolescents.
- Secondary (Metastatic) Bone
Cancer: Occurs
when cancer from another part of the body (e.g., breast, prostate, or
lung) spreads to the bones.
Symptoms
- Persistent bone pain
- Swelling or a lump near the affected area
- Weakened bones, increasing the risk of fractures
- Fatigue and unintentional weight loss (in advanced stages)
Diagnosis
Bone
cancer is typically diagnosed through:
- Imaging tests (X-rays, MRI, CT scans, bone scans)
- Biopsy (removal of tissue for microscopic examination)
- Blood tests (to check for specific markers)
Treatment
Treatment
depends on the type, size, and stage of the cancer and may include:
- Surgery (to remove the tumor)
- Chemotherapy (to kill cancer cells)
- Radiation therapy (to shrink or destroy cancer cells)
- Targeted therapy (using drugs to target specific cancer cell
mechanisms)
