Cancer survivorship refers to the process of living with, through,
and beyond cancer. It encompasses the physical, psychological, social, and
emotional aspects of a person's life, from the moment of diagnosis through the
remainder of life. The term applies not only to the person diagnosed with
cancer but also to their family members, caregivers, and loved ones who are
affected by the journey.
- 1. Phases of Survivorship
- Acute Survivorship: This phase begins at
diagnosis and continues through the initial treatment period, focusing on
managing the disease and treatment side effects.
- Extended Survivorship: This occurs after the
completion of primary treatment, often marked by a transition to
follow-up care and monitoring for cancer recurrence or late treatment
effects.
- Permanent Survivorship: This phase represents the
long-term period after treatment, where the individual may face chronic
side effects, secondary cancers, or challenges in returning to a
pre-cancer lifestyle.
2.
Dimensions of Survivorship
- Physical Health: Includes management of
side effects, rehabilitation, and monitoring for recurrence or secondary
cancers.
- Emotional and Mental Well-being: Focuses on addressing
anxiety, depression, fear of recurrence, and post-traumatic stress.
- Social and Interpersonal Relationships: Examines the impact of
cancer on family dynamics, friendships, and intimate relationships.
- Spirituality and Meaning: Considers the existential
impact of cancer, including shifts in life priorities and a search for
meaning or purpose.
- Economic and Practical Concerns: Encompasses issues such
as employment, financial burdens, and access to ongoing care.
3. Survivorship
Care
Survivorship care includes a coordinated approach to:
- Health promotion and prevention.
- Surveillance for recurrence or secondary
cancers.
- Management of long-term and late effects.
- Psychological support and counseling.
- Assistance with practical and legal issues.
4. Importance
of Individualized Care
Cancer survivorship is unique to each individual, as
the challenges and experiences can vary widely depending on the type of cancer,
treatment received, personal health, and support systems available.
Organizations like the National Cancer Institute
(NCI), the American Cancer Society (ACS), and others emphasize the importance
of a survivorship care plan, which is a tailored guide to address ongoing
health and wellness needs for survivors.
